Content
- 1 What does the porcini mushroom look like and where does it grow?
- 2 Chemical composition and nutritional value of porcini mushroom
- 3 Why is porcini mushroom useful for the human body?
- 4 Is it possible to use porcini mushrooms with breastfeeding
- 5 Can pregnant women eat porcini mushrooms
- 6 At what age children can eat porcini mushrooms
- 7 The benefits of dried porcini mushrooms
- 8 The use of porcini mushrooms in medicine
- 9 How porcini mushrooms are used in cosmetology
- 10 The harm of porcini mushroom and contraindications
- 11 How to choose and store porcini mushrooms
- 12 Conclusion
The benefits of porcini mushrooms for the human body are quite tangible. They are a rich source of protein and other equally useful substances. The product perfectly satisfies hunger and saturates with energy for a long time. But due to the chitin content, it can be poorly absorbed by the digestive system.
What does the porcini mushroom look like and where does it grow?
The white mushroom belongs to the Borovik family. It occupies a leading position in the list of the most useful mushrooms. It is difficult to confuse it with other representatives of the forest world. It got its name due to the preservation of the white color of the pulp after heat treatment. Other mushrooms turn black during cooking.
The diameter of the cap of the fruiting bodies ranges from 7 to 30 cm, depending on age. The height of the leg is 7-10 cm. It has a barrel-shaped shape and is distinguished by a white or grayish color. The color of the cap can be dark or light brown. In young specimens, it has a slightly convex shape, and becomes flat over time. In dry weather, cracks appear on the cap, and after rain it becomes covered with a slimy film. The pulp of the boletus is dense and juicy.
The porcini mushroom is able to survive in almost any conditions, except for severe drought and frosty winter. It is most often found in coniferous-deciduous forests. The probability of finding it under a tree over the age of 50 is much higher. Porcini mushrooms also love mosses and lichens, but do not prefer peat bogs and swamps. Active growth occurs in the period from June to September. The collection is carried out in August or September.
Chemical composition and nutritional value of porcini mushroom
Porcini mushrooms contain a variety of nutrients. This is why it is difficult to overestimate their health benefits. In addition, the product tastes good enough.
The composition contains the following useful components:
- amino acids;
- polysaccharides;
- vitamins of groups C, B, PP and E;
- lecithin;
- trace elements (manganese, iron, fluorine, cobalt, zinc, copper, iodine, sulfur);
- macronutrients (calcium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium);
- alimentary fiber.
What vitamins are in porcini mushrooms
The benefits of the product for the body are due to its rich vitamin composition. It includes a record content of riboflavin. It is responsible for the condition of the skin, nails and hair and stabilizes the thyroid gland. Thanks to vitamin A, the absorption of iron is improved and energy resources are restored. Vitamin PP is involved in redox reactions, thereby normalizing metabolism. Vitamin E in the product provides powerful antioxidant effects and protects the body from free radicals. Ascorbic acid, in turn, has a pronounced immunostimulating effect.
How many calories are in porcini mushrooms
Despite their high nutritional value, boletus mushrooms can be an excellent dietary option. They are quite satisfying, but they do not affect the figure. The calorie content per 100 grams of porcini mushrooms is 30 kcal. If you fry a product with the addition of vegetable oil, then it will increase. The energy value of porcini mushrooms in the form of BJU is displayed in the following ratio:
- proteins - 3.7 g;
- fats - 1.7 g;
- carbohydrates - 1.1 g
Why is porcini mushroom useful for the human body?
The presence of the product in the diet has significant health benefits. First of all, this concerns the immune system, which performs protective functions. In addition, it improves metabolism and physical endurance. Experts especially recommend using boletus for those who work in hazardous industries. They have the ability to remove harmful substances from the body. The benefits of porcini mushrooms are as follows:
- activation of brain activity;
- acceleration of recovery processes;
- normalization of the gastrointestinal tract;
- analgesic effect;
- hepatoprotective action;
- stimulation of the production of granzymes and perforins;
- strengthening of immunity;
- help in losing weight without harming the muscles;
- antiviral effect;
- antitumor action.
Is it possible to use porcini mushrooms with breastfeeding
Many women are interested in the possibility of eating mushroom pulp while breastfeeding. Experts advise against adding it to the diet earlier than 4 months after delivery. This can provoke colic and allergies in the baby. At a later age, the medicinal properties of porcini mushrooms will fully manifest themselves. But it is important to introduce the product in small portions, observing how the child will react to this.
Can pregnant women eat porcini mushrooms
The high nutritional value makes porcini mushrooms a unique product. You should not give them up during pregnancy. But it should be borne in mind that in excessive quantities they can cause problems with stool and heaviness in the abdomen. Mushrooms take a very long time to digest, which makes them inferior to sources of animal protein. In addition, they are able to absorb toxic substances. To avoid harmful effects of the product, the following rules must be observed:
- do not eat damaged and wormy fruit bodies;
- it is advisable to grind the product into small pieces;
- cooking and stewing is allowed, but the use in pickled and salted form is excluded;
- heat treatment must be thorough;
- before cooking, rinse the boletus thoroughly with running water.
At what age children can eat porcini mushrooms
The rich content of nutrients in porcini mushrooms does not mean that they can be consumed uncontrollably. The digestive system of young children does not yet have the necessary enzymes to digest the product. It is permissible to enter it into the diet only from the age of 5. At the initial stages, the use of dishes with a slight addition of mushrooms is encouraged. From the age of 7, you can eat pies with mushroom filling, casseroles and sauces. The use of boletus as an independent dish is allowed only from the age of 10.
The benefits of dried porcini mushrooms
To preserve the benefits of the product for a long time, they are dried. Such preparations will allow you to enjoy your favorite dish at any time. The amount of nutrients decreases slightly during the drying process. The characteristic aroma and rich mushroom flavor are also retained.
The benefits of dried porcini mushrooms are as follows:
- help in the breakdown of fats;
- antitumor action;
- strengthening of immunity;
- analgesic effect;
- hepatoprotective action.
Dried mushroom pulp is considered a fairly successful alternative to fresh.The protein in its composition is much better absorbed by the digestive system. If a person has diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, this use is most preferred.
The use of porcini mushrooms in medicine
Due to the huge number of useful properties, porcini mushrooms are common not only in cooking, but also in alternative medicine. Riboflavin in their composition helps to cope with diseases of the thyroid system. The complex of vitamins has a beneficial effect on the condition of nails, hair and skin. Lecithin, which is part of the product, provides the prevention of atherosclerosis and anemia. He is able to break down cholesterol plaques formed in blood vessels.
The use of tincture of porcini mushroom is important for thrombophlebitis and varicose veins. It can be taken orally and used topically. Rubbing the lower limbs has a beneficial effect on blood circulation and eliminates discomfort.
With impotence and uterine fibroids, the drug is taken orally. Frequency - twice a day for 1 tbsp. l., after diluting the tincture with a small amount of warm water. For cardiovascular diseases, a single dosage is 1 tsp.
A decoction of porcini mushrooms can be used for hypertension and cholecystitis. It is taken 120 ml 1-2 times a day. In terms of nutritional value, it is in no way inferior to chicken broth. It is often used to accelerate recovery processes after suffering serious illnesses.
Porcini mushrooms are also used against cancer as an adjunct to mainstream therapy. They have a tonic effect and remove toxic substances from the body. The desired effect is achieved due to the content of beta-glucan.
How porcini mushrooms are used in cosmetology
The porcini mushroom also successfully treats cosmetic problems. It acts as an effective anti-aging and protective agent. Even in ancient Rome, the product was used to eliminate acne and acne. In Asian countries, it has been used to combat wrinkles. It is believed that homemade masks based on porcini mushrooms make the skin smooth and supple.
For many years, the benefits and harms of decoction of porcini mushrooms for hair have been studied. They were rinsed with a healing drink after the washing procedure. The hair became more shiny and manageable.
The harm of porcini mushroom and contraindications
Before diversifying your diet, you need to familiarize yourself not only with the benefits, but also the harm of porcini mushrooms for health. Unpleasant symptoms can occur if you neglect to heat the product. Also, specimens collected near industrial facilities and highways can cause harm. Especially if they have absorbed mercury, lead and harmful vapors for a long time. Possible adverse reactions include the following:
- stomach ache;
- urge to vomit;
- upset stool;
- dizziness;
- allergic reaction.
Since mushrooms are a rather heavy product, not everyone is allowed to eat them. Contraindications include:
- disruption of the digestive tract;
- individual intolerance;
- age under 5;
- the first months of breastfeeding.
How to choose and store porcini mushrooms
When self-harvesting, the fruiting bodies are cut off with a sharp knife. To determine its quality, lightly press on the cap. It should emit a characteristic crunch. Fruit bodies should be free from visible damage and traces of worminess. A similar analysis must be carried out before buying a product in a store or on the market. The smell should be pleasant.
It is advisable to eat freshly picked mushrooms on the first day. They can be stored in the refrigerator no longer than 5 days. When frozen, they retain their benefits throughout the year. The shelf life of the dried product can be up to 18 months.
Conclusion
The health benefits of porcini mushrooms are obvious. But do not forget about the possible harmful effects on the body. In order not to collide with them, you need to devote time to the selection of fruit bodies and their high-quality heat treatment.
